Many Unix tar programs leak uninitialized data into unused portions of the file.
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Many Unix tar programs leak uninitialized data into unused portions of the file. This is not unusual for C programs (unfortunately). The leaked data is usually just repetition of earlier files, so it wasn't obviously useful for anything.
Until I noticed that optimizations to tar programs tended to change _which_ earlier data was leaked.
Turns out, you can use this behavior to fingerprint the tar implementation pretty precisely in some cases.
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