C3In 1990, when the buzz was "Open Systems","publicly available specifications"meeting the requirements ofCypser RJ (1991)Communications for cooperating systems, OSI, SNA and TCP/IP.Addison-Wesleywere a scarce resourceandBAD NEWS!European computer industry and policy makersdid not ratethe birth of the webhttps://www.geopop.it/la-prima-pagina-web-online-il-20-dicembre-1990-comera-il-web-35-anni-fa/as a vital contribution to theOpen System Environment [OSE]concepthttps://doi.org/10.1016/0920-5489(93)90004-B#CulturaCritica